南广高速铁路路基雨季快速填筑施工技术研究

根据南广高速铁路路基施工条件,探讨了路基雨季填筑施工规划及施工工艺,并从地基处理、填料挖运、排水体系、半成品保护等方面提出了雨季填筑施工专项措施,以保证路基的填筑质量。     

35 kV及以下户外电缆雨天试验装置研制和应用

长期以来,35 kV及以下电压等级户外电缆难以在雨天进行试验.在分析雨天户外电缆试验现状的基础上,针对存在的主要问题,研制出了适合雨天的户外电缆试验装置.重点介绍该装置相对原试验装置的高压引出线改造,装置容量的提高以及增设的支撑铜排及配套避雨措施.一系列应用结果说明该装置实用效果良好.     

基于相似日和多集成组合的短期负荷预测

针对短期电力负荷预测精度低、泛化能力弱等问题,提出了一种基于相似日选取与多集成组合的短期电力负荷预测模型.首先利用最大信息准则MIC(maximal information coefficient)选取高相关变量作为模型输入;然后综合考虑MIC与灰色关联度,对气象敏感性较弱地区的负荷进行相似日选取;最后引入集成随机子空...     

Lowering the outdoor temperature in high-rise high-density residential developments of coastal Hong Kong: The vegetation influence

This paper investigates the impact of on-site variables on the influence of vegetation in lowering outdoor temperature. The study uses six critical on-site variables such as surface albedo, sky view factor, altitude, shrub cover, tree cover and average height to floor area ratio to carry out analysis in five data sets. The climatic parameters and physical characteristics were measured and surveyed, respectively in 216 stations in high-rise high-density residential developments of coastal Hong Kong. The data set is mainly categorised into peak summer clear sky days (PSCS-days), peak summer partially cloudy days (PSPC-days) and late summer days to address the issues related to cloudy sky conditions in Hong Kong. The trend analysis shows that at a lower sky view factor, ranging from 0.1 to 0.25, shrub cover as low as 10–15% in a 1000 m² open area is more effective in reducing outdoor temperature than the same level of tree cover in a location with a higher sky view factor (0.4 or above). The regression models used in this study were able to explain the influence of on-site variables on vegetation in lowering the outdoor temperature within the respective urban settings. In high-rise high-density environments, on-site variables such as sky view factor and altitude have a substantial impact on the influence of vegetation in lowering outdoor temperature. However, off-site variables such as high urban density and anthropogenic heat could negate the behaviour of sky view factor and altitude. The study suggests that increasing the tree cover from 25% to 40% in the pocket parks in coastal area residential developments of Hong Kong could reduce daytime urban heat island intensity (UHI) by further 0.5 °C.     

区域蒸散发分析及模型研究——以河套灌区义长灌域永联试验区为例

以河套灌区义长灌域永联试验区为例,对水均衡法中采用不同时间和空间尺度时的蒸散发估算结果进行了比较分析.然后借鉴由参考作物腾发量(ET0)计算实际蒸散发量的思路,以区域平均埋深和累积生长度日(GDD)为变量,建立综合因子,再结合参考作物腾发量估算出区域蒸散发.利用永联试验区的数据对模型进行检验,结果可靠.该模型需要数据较少,易应用,为实时估算农田区域蒸散发量提供了一种方法.     

Estimation of net radiation from the MODIS data under all sky conditions: Southern Great Plains case study

Net radiation is a key component in the surface radiation budget. Numerous studies have developed frameworks to estimate net radiation or its components (upwelling or downwelling longwave and/or shortwave radiation) from remote sensing data for clear sky conditions. Application of existing methodologies to estimate net radiation for cloudy sky conditions from remote sensing sensors remains a significant challenge. In this paper, we present a framework to estimate instantaneous and daily average net radiation under all sky conditions from using the data from the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), onboard from the Terra satellites. Bisht et al. (2005) methodology is used for the clear sky portion of the MODIS overpass; while for cloudy portion of the MODIS overpass an extension of Bisht et al. (2005) methodology is applied. The extension of Bisht et al. (2005) methodology utilizes the MODIS cloud data product (MOD06_L2) for cloud top temperature, cloud fraction, cloud emissivity, cloud optical thickness and land surface temperature for cloudy days. The methodology is applied over the Southern Great Plains (SGP) for a time period covering all seasons of 2006. During the MODIS-Terra overpasses in 2006 over the SGP, only 24% of day-overpasses and 9% of night-overpasses had 75% or more of the study region as cloud free. Thus, this proposed study is applicable to a large portion of the MODIS-Terra overpasses. The root mean square errors (RMSE) of instantaneous and daily average net radiation estimated under cloudy conditions using the MOD06_L2 product, comparing to ground-based measurements are 37 W m^− 2 and 38 W m^− 2, respectively. The strength of the proposed methodology is that it can rely exclusively on remote sensing data in the absence of ancillary ground observations, thus it has a potential to estimate surface energy budget globally.     

地闪参量特征的统计分析

通过对北京和兰州中川地区测到的地闪资料进行的计算和统计分析,总结了两地区正负地闪的电流幅值、电流梯度、回收数、峰值电流时间、回周间隔等一批在防雷工程中具有较大在参考价值的闪电参量的概率分布特征,以及北京地区的平均年落雷密度分布和平均年雷暴日分布。     

安全指数考核供电企业安全指标的优劣分析

结合供电企业当前的安全管理现状,提出了用安全指数考核供电企业安全指标的建议并详细介绍了安全指数的计算方法。结合实际,用数据和图表对比分析了安全指数与安全天数两种考核方法的优、缺点,最后得出结论:安全指数考核供电企业安全指标能客观、准确地反映企业的安全管理水平。     

短期负荷预测的组合数据挖掘算法

给出了一种短期电力负荷预测的组合数据挖掘算法.通过日负荷特性分析,在设定长度的最近历史日期中选择与预测日天气最相似的为基准日,通过该模式下天气相似日的相关影响因素差异与相应负荷变化率关联规则挖掘建模,挖掘模型算法采用C4.5和CART算法的基于BP网络加权组合,算法还基于范例推理给出节假日调整因子校正节假日的影响,设计出一种高精确度短期负荷预测系统.实际应用结果表明该组合算法预测精确度高、效果良好.